All Learning Modules Year 3 PTO

Physiotherapy in Adult and Pediatric Orthopedics Conditions

Clinical assessment, post-operative rehabilitation, fracture management, joint arthroplasty, and musculoskeletal protocols.

Interactive MCQ Practice

Select an option to immediately test your understanding with comprehensive explanations.

Score: 0 / 2
Question 1 of 2
Arthroplasty Medium
Following Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA), what is the immediate target active knee flexion range by discharge (post-op day 3-5)?
Rationale & Key Takeaway:

A key functional milestone before discharge post-TKA is achieving 90 degrees of knee flexion and full terminal extension (0 degrees).

Question 2 of 2
Ligament Injuries Easy
Lachman's test is most sensitive and specific for assessing injury to which structure?
Rationale & Key Takeaway:

Lachman's test (performed at 20-30 degrees of knee flexion) is the gold-standard clinical test for ACL integrity.

Large Question Answers (10 & 15 Markers)

Standard university examination model answers, structured clinical case questions, and step-by-step management.

Long Essays
15 MARKS ESSAY Question 1

Rehabilitation Protocol Post ACL Reconstruction (Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Graft)

Question Prompt:

Outline the phase-wise physiotherapy rehabilitation protocol following ACL reconstruction from Day 1 to Return to Sport (6 months).

Model Answer Structured Clinical Framework

ACL reconstruction rehabilitation focuses on early graft protection, restoring full extension, quad reactivation, neuromuscular control, and functional sports progression.

Phase 1: Immediate Post-Op (Weeks 0-2)
• Goals: Full passive knee extension (0°), reduce effusion, restore patellar mobility, quad firing. • Interventions: Ankle pumps, patellar glides, prone hangs, quad sets, straight leg raises (SLR) without lag in brace, partial weight-bearing with crutches.
Phase 2: Early Functional (Weeks 2-6)
• Goals: Full ROM (0-120°+), normal gait pattern, wean off crutches. • Interventions: Stationary cycling, mini-squats (0-45°), step-ups, hamstring curls, balance board proprioception.
Phase 3: Strengthening & Proprioception (Weeks 6-12)
• Goals: Symmetrical strength, advanced balance, light jogging. • Interventions: Leg press (0-60°), Romanian deadlifts, single-leg squats, slide board, agility ladder.
Phase 4: Return to Sport (Months 4-6+)
• Goals: Plyometrics, sport-specific drills, passing Y-balance test and limb symmetry index (LSI > 90%).

Small Question Answers (2 & 5 Markers)

High-yield short notes, clinical definitions, differential tables, and 2/3/5 mark answers for rapid recall.

5 Marks Short Note SN #1
Frozen Shoulder (Adhesive Capsulitis) Stages

Q: Enumerate the 3 clinical stages of Frozen Shoulder and primary PT goals in each stage.

1. Freezing Stage (Pain dominant, 2-9 months): Modalities for pain relief, gentle pain-free pendulum exercises, postural correction. 2. Frozen Stage (Stiffness dominant, 4-12 months): Joint mobilization (Maitland Gr. III/IV), active-assisted stretching, capsular stretching. 3. Thawing Stage (Recovery phase, 12-24 months): Progressive strengthening, full functional overhead reaching drills.

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